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June 2026·Note 12 of 25
Labour Laws & IRPIB BriefPublished: 2026-06-12
Harmonisation of State & Central Rules under Four Labour Codes
Source: PIB / MoL&E
Labour CodesWages CodeIR CodeOSH CodeSS Code
The Ministry of Labour & Employment completed consultative rounds with State Labour Departments to align draft rules under the 4 Labour Codes. Because Labour is in the Concurrent List (Entry 22–24, List III, 7th Schedule), both Parliament and State legislatures have concurrent rule-making powers.
| Code | Amalgamated Acts | Key Reform / Threshold |
|---|---|---|
| Code on Wages, 2019 | 4 Acts (Equal Remun., Min. Wages, Payment Wages, Bonus) | National Floor Wage binding on State Minimum Wages |
| IR Code, 2020 | 3 Acts (Trade Unions, Standing Orders, IDA) | Layoff/Retrenchment threshold raised from 100 to 300 workers |
| SS Code, 2020 | 9 Acts (EPF, ESI, Maternity, Gratuity, BOCW, etc.) | Universalises social security; gig/platform worker fund |
| OSHWC Code, 2020 | 13 Acts (Factories, Mines, Dock, Contract Labour, etc.) | Single registration/licence/annual return; women night shift |
Practice Quiz for this Note
2 UPSC-pattern questions on this topic
Question 1 of 2(0 answered, 2 remaining)
Question 1+2.5 / -0.83 Marks
Until the 4 Labour Codes are fully notified and the existing statutes formally repealed, APFC aspirants should:
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