History~16 min read
Freedom struggle 1857–1947
Revolt, Congress, Gandhi era, revolutionary strand, partition.
- 1857: immediate spark — Enfield cartridge; leaders — Bahadur Shah, Nana Sahib, Tantia Tope, Rani Lakshmibai, Kunwar Singh, Begum Hazrat Mahal. Aftermath: Crown rule 1858, army reorganised, ‘divide and rule’.
- Congress 1885 (Hume; W.C. Bonnerjee first president). Moderates vs Extremists (Surat split 1907). Swadeshi after Partition of Bengal 1905.
- Home Rule (Besant, Tilak 1916); Lucknow Pact 1916; Champaran, Kheda, Ahmedabad; Rowlatt, Jallianwala 1919; Khilafat + Non-Cooperation 1920–22 (Chauri Chaura withdrawal).
- Swaraj Party (CR Das, Motilal); Simon Commission 1927; Nehru Report 1928; Lahore 1929 Purna Swaraj; Dandi 1930; Gandhi–Irwin 1931; Communal Award / Poona Pact 1932.
- GoI Act 1935: provincial autonomy, dyarchy at centre, federal scheme (never fully). 1937 elections.
- WWII: August Offer, Individual Satyagraha, Cripps 1942, Quit India 8 Aug 1942 (‘Do or Die’), INA (Bose; Azad Hind), RIN mutiny 1946, Cabinet Mission, Mountbatten Plan, 15 Aug 1947.
- Revolutionaries: Anushilan, Yugantar, HSRA (Bhagat Singh, Azad, Rajguru), Chittagong (Surya Sen), Hindustan Republican Association (Kakori).
- Peasant/tribal: Indigo, Pabna, Deccan riots, Munda (Birsa), Santhal, Eka, Bardoli (Patel), Tebhaga, Telangana.
Video Lectures & Explanations
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